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Graphic Design Rules | categories

Nature

  • The category describes concepts found in fauna and flora as they appear in the natural world without human interference (e.g. rose is-a flower, flower is-a plant).
  • Concepts have properties from the color or perceptonym categories (e.g. red is-property-of rose).
  • Properties with a cultural touch belong in photography (e.g. mysterious is-property-of sea).
  • The category has a hierarchical structure: animal falls apart into amphibian, arachnid, bird, insect, invertebrate, mammal, etc. Animals like frog and newt are inside amphibian, and so on.
  • Central concepts are nature, animal, plant, tree, landscape, sky, weather, body.

 

Perceptonym

  • The category is restricted to concepts that can be seen, felt, heard, smelled or experienced emotionally. Usually an adjective that is used as a property or assocation for concepts in other categories (deep is-related-to lake in the nature category).
  • A concept usually has an opposite (e.g. deep is-opposite-of shallow).
  • A concept can have several associative relations (deep is-related-to mysterious and silent).
  • If this relation is true in most cases it is defined as a property (dark is-property-of deep).
  • There is no central root from which the concepts branch.

 

Type design

  • The category is restricted to the names of type foundries, typographers and their typefaces (e.g. Verdana is-a typeface, Matthew Carter is-a type designer or Underware is-a type foundry). Note that we do not need a list of all typefaces, just a good and useful representation.
  • Typefaces can have properties from the perceptonym category (warm is-property-of Sauna).
  • Typographers and typefaces are connected with is-related-to (Sauna is-related-to Underware).
  • Each typeface is part of a general typeface category: serif, sans serif, monospace, script, symbol, display or typewriter. These can also have subcategories.
  • Central concepts are typeface, type designer and type foundry.

 

Typography

  • The category describes concepts in relation to the layout of a paragraph of text, from the grid down to justification, typefaces, and different font sizes (e.g. font size is-related-to legibility, font size is-property-of text, text is-part-of paragraph).